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Positions In The Us Navy – She is a large and complex sailing warship, and required a crew of 450 to 500 to keep her at sea during years of active war. Today, the USS is staffed by 75 enlisted sailors and three commissioned officers.
From 1812 to 1815, a total of about 1,200 men served aboard the “Old Ironsides”. Of the 450 to 500 men aboard each ship, about two-thirds were enlisted sailors, another 60 were marines, and the rest were commissioned officers, warrant officers or petty officers. Each rank and rate had specific responsibilities to help the ship function efficiently in times of peace and war.
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Captain was the highest rank in the navy during the War of 1812 and usually commanded ships of 20 guns or more. The captain had ultimate responsibility for the ship and crew. According to official naval regulations issued to officers, the captain’s first duty was to prepare his ship for sea, including taking inventory of all stores and equipment, maintaining bookkeeping, hiring crew, and accounting for the cruise already undertaken. Involved in overseeing all the various operations. Once at sea, the captain was expected to keep the ship in battle readiness at all times and supervise the training of the crew. In battle, his station was in the keep, where he could direct the action. All decisions relating to navigation, navigation and warfare ultimately came from him. The captain’s authority was the law. Captains were also the highest paid officers, earning $100 per month and entitled to eight rations per day.
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, carried between four and six lieutenants. The first lieutenant was called First Lieutenant (equivalent to today’s Executive Officer). The first lieutenant was the captain’s second in command and was entrusted with great powers and responsibilities. In the absence of the captain, the command of the ship was in the hands of the first lieutenant. He was not under surveillance like the rest of the crew, but like the captain, he was always available. It was the duty of the First Lieutenant to see that the Captain’s orders were carried out satisfactorily. The smooth running of the ship depended on his organizational skills. The first lieutenant maintained watch and quarter accounts and supervised the maintenance of the ship. Everyone else on the ship reported to the first lieutenant, who in turn gave regular reports to the captain. During special or delicate events, such as boarding or anchoring, he would take command of the ship. In war, most commands passed from the captain to the first lieutenant. In short, the first lieutenant was a very busy man; He rarely left the ship and never stayed overnight.
Junior lieutenants (second, third, fourth, etc.) each had command of a watch. The second lieutenant kept a list of the officers and men who were under his protection, all of whom were under his care and orders. When he gathered, he examined the men to make sure they were well-dressed, clean, and sober. He regularly visited the lower decks to ensure that sentries were at their posts, that no tobacco was being smoked between decks, and that there were no unlit candles. While at sea, a junior lieutenant was not to change the course of the ship without the captain’s permission, unless to avoid a collision or other accident. In battle, lieutenants were stationed with their divisions on the spar or frame deck. Junior lieutenants trained men armed with small arms and supervised the use of small arms in battle. In addition, all lieutenants were required to keep a journal or log, a copy of which was given to the Navy Office at the end of the voyage.
[2] “Names, ranks, pay and rations of the officers of the Navy and Marine Corps, February 3, 1812”The surgeon was responsible for the health of the crew and hygiene on board. It was the surgeon’s duty to supervise the procurement of medicines and stores for the ship’s hospital department. He visited his patients at least twice a day and informed the Captain about their progress. He also kept two diaries, one of his surgical practice and one of his physical practice, and sent them to the Navy Department at the end of each voyage. When the ship stopped, the surgeon and his companion repaired to the cabin on the orlop deck, where they placed the operating table and instruments. When combat was not imminent, the surgeon was usually in the sick bay, located forward on the berthing deck.
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The surgeon’s expertise was appreciated and he was paid $50 per month with the option of two rations per day.
Many surgeons provided their own equipment and paid for the drugs out of their own pockets. However, he expected to be reimbursed for these expenses. An excerpt from the diary of surgeon Amos Evans suggests this process: “He went to the naval agent with a request and from there went to the apothecary’s shop and bargained for medicines.”
The surgeon’s companion assisted the surgeon in his duties (see surgeon). The surgeon’s companion was similar to the modern medical student who was receiving valuable training on the job. Surgeon’s partner stayed in the cockpit
(or Disha) and had dinner with the NCO there. He received $30 per month and two rations per day.
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The Collector was the ship’s commercial agent, paymaster, storekeeper and storekeeper. His duties, which required him to be highly organized and use good business sense, included keeping the ship’s pay and muster rolls and paying officers and men. He was in charge of purchasing and distributing provisions for the crew. In addition, the postman ran a ship’s store where people could stock up on clothes, toiletries, utensils, knives, tape, needles, thread, mustard, chocolate, coffee, tea, sugar and tobacco. To keep track of all this, Navy regulations require the quartermaster to keep detailed accounting books.
During the battle, Overcharge was placed in the cabin to help surgeons dress the wounded. The vendors received $40 per month and two rations per day.
In addition to the postman’s annual compensation, he could make a large profit by selling clothing and supplies to the crew while at sea. With no competition and a captive market of approximately 450 men and boys aboard a warship, there was room for extraordinary speculation.
Education rather than religious zeal was a prerequisite for chaplain’s commission in the early American Navy. Some naval chaplains were ordained ministers, but most were college educated. It is true that the chaplain was required to read divine service at Sunday Meeting and conduct funerals, but the most important duty of the chaplain was to serve as schoolmaster to the midshipman and teach him writing, arithmetic, navigation, and sometimes foreign languages. Was. On squadron flagships, the chaplain was usually the commodore’s secretary. Most chaplains served in the navy for a year or less. They were paid $40 per month and received two rations per day.
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(Washington: 1802), 18.; and in “Estimate of the pay and rations of the officers and crew of a ship-of-war, of seventy-four guns, for twelve months, December 17, 1811”
The sailing captain was responsible for the day-to-day operation of the ship. He had to be an excellent sailor and sailor, and know how to maintain and work a ship at sea. Navigation was their direct responsibility, and they were in charge of keeping journals and charts. In addition, he kept a journal in which he noted navigational challenges or dangers not marked on charts, and a list of stores and provisions taken on board and used. He supervised the loading and storage of ballast, provisions, and other cargo, and was responsible for keeping the ship in good seaworthy condition. The captain’s companions, mate and carpenter informed the captain. Since a sailing captain held his position by order of the Navy Department rather than by commission, it was a non-promotional post. They were paid $40 per month and allowed two rations a day.
The master’s mates were assistants and were under the direction of the sailing master. A mate captain was in charge of the record line and glass by which the ship’s speed was recorded. He made regular entries in the log, and oversaw the trimming of the headsails. He also paid attention to the storage of anchor cables, making sure they were clean and well coiled so that they could be quickly released when required. The captain’s mate was also adept at keeping ballast and luggage in the hold of the ship.
[2] “Estimate of pay and rations of the officers and crew of a ship of war of seventy-four guns, for twelve months, December 17, 1811”Biden Picks Next Cno, Vice Chief, Pacific Commanders
[3] Congress of the United States, An Act to Increase the Navy of the United States, 12th Congress, 2nd Session, ch. 6, approved 2 January 1813.The sailor (pronounced “bosun”) was responsible for the ship’s sails, sails, rigging, colors (flags), anchors, and cables. The rigging of the ship was his main concern. He ensured that all standing gear and masts were properly fitted, and that the running gear was in good condition. He inspected the sails to see if they were properly attached to the yard
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